LIGHT HARDWOOD
BINTANGOR (Calophyllum
spp.)
Weight : 689 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 689 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is well defined. The heartwood is
pink-brown, red-brown or orange-red in colour which darkens slightly on
exposure. The surface is lustrous and streaked with orange coloured lines. The
grain is interlocked often giving rise to stripe figure. The texture is coarse
and uneven.
Principal Uses : Light construction, ceiling, flooring, panelling, joinery, furniture, masts, spars, hem and planking of boats, fancy boxes, trays, rotary-cut veneer, plywood.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Ponnyet, Tharapi, Thitpyak), India (Poon, Lachini), Indochina (Cong, Mu-u), Indonesia (Bintangor), Sabah (Bintangor, Penang), Sarawak (Bintangor), Sri Lanka (Gunikina, Walukina), Thailand (Ka thang han, Ka thang lan, Tang hon)
Kiln Drying Schedule : A
Principal Uses : Light construction, ceiling, flooring, panelling, joinery, furniture, masts, spars, hem and planking of boats, fancy boxes, trays, rotary-cut veneer, plywood.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Ponnyet, Tharapi, Thitpyak), India (Poon, Lachini), Indochina (Cong, Mu-u), Indonesia (Bintangor), Sabah (Bintangor, Penang), Sarawak (Bintangor), Sri Lanka (Gunikina, Walukina), Thailand (Ka thang han, Ka thang lan, Tang hon)
Kiln Drying Schedule : A
DURIAN (Bombacaceae
spp.)
Weight : 689 kg/m3. Strength Group : C
Weight : 689 kg/m3. Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is not defined in Coelostegia but
well defined in the others. The heartwood is pink brown or red-brown or
orange-brown, weathering on exposure to a brown colour. The surface is dull and
without any figure. The grain is interlocked and texture very coarse and
uneven.
Principal Uses : Light construction, door and window frames, ceiling, flooring, planking, plywood, sliced veneers, coffins and furniture parts. The timber of Coelostegia griffithii is a local favourite for clog manufacture.
Veneering : The timber is potentially acceptable for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Durian), Sabah (Durian), Sarawak (Durian)
Principal Uses : Light construction, door and window frames, ceiling, flooring, planking, plywood, sliced veneers, coffins and furniture parts. The timber of Coelostegia griffithii is a local favourite for clog manufacture.
Veneering : The timber is potentially acceptable for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Durian), Sabah (Durian), Sarawak (Durian)
GERONGGANG (Cratoxylon
arborescens)
Weight : 545 kg/m3 Strength Group : D
Weight : 545 kg/m3 Strength Group : D
General Description : The sapwood is moderately well defined.
Heartwood is a bright brick-red in colour when freshly cut, darkening slightly
on exposure. Surface is very lustrous. The grain is interlocked or wavy and
texture moderately coarse and even.
Principal Uses : Decorative work, joinery, furniture, show cases, counter tops, laboratory bench tops, panelling, internal fittings, flush doors, fancy boxes, trays, clogs, toys, black boards, drawing boards and plywood. It is in great demand in Singapore for the manufacture of boxes for packing eggs and tinned provisions but judicial use of this timber is for decorative work.
Veneering : It can be peeled satisfactorily but there is a tendency to tear in handling the veneers.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Geronggang), Sabah (Serugan, Geronggang), Sarawak (Geronggang)
Kiln Drying Schedule : E
Principal Uses : Decorative work, joinery, furniture, show cases, counter tops, laboratory bench tops, panelling, internal fittings, flush doors, fancy boxes, trays, clogs, toys, black boards, drawing boards and plywood. It is in great demand in Singapore for the manufacture of boxes for packing eggs and tinned provisions but judicial use of this timber is for decorative work.
Veneering : It can be peeled satisfactorily but there is a tendency to tear in handling the veneers.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Geronggang), Sabah (Serugan, Geronggang), Sarawak (Geronggang)
Kiln Drying Schedule : E
GERUTU (Parashorea
lucida)
Weight : 689 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood well defined, light yellow brown in colour often discoloured due to sap-stain. Heartwood light-brown with a pinkish tinge darkening with seasoning to a darker pink-brown shade. Planed surface has a medium lustre. Texture rather coarse but even. Grain interlocked giving rise to broad stripe figure. Vertical resin canals with whitish contents is characteristics and visible on all surfaces. The wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Panelling, wall boarding and other general uses.
Veneering : Has not been tried.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Thingadu), India (Tavoy wood), Indochina (Cho-chi), Indonesia (Meranti putih), Philippines (Ligh red Philippines mahogany), Thailand (Khai-khieo)
Kiln Drying Schedule : E
JELUTONG (Dyera
costulata)
Weight : 465kg/m3 Strength Group : D
General Description : Sapwood not differentiated by colour from heartwood which is white, weathering to a light straw colour. Surface is lustrous and without any figure. The grain is almost straight and texture moderately fine and even.
Principal Uses : Pattern making, carving, fret work, picture frames, battery separators, drawing boards, blackboards, toys, packing cases, ladies shoe soles, coffins.
Veneering : Peels easily, but not considered suitable for the manufacture of general purpose plywood.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Jelutong), Sabah (Jelutong), Sarawak (Jelutong), Thailand (Jelutong)
Kiln Drying Schedule : H
KEDONDONG (Burseraceae
spp.)
Weight : 577 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 577 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : The sapwood is lighter coloured but not
sharply defined. Heartwood yellow-brown, pink-brown or red-brown in colour,
darkening only very slightly with exposure. Surface is mostly glossy and
without any figure. The grain is interlocked and texture moderately fine and
even.
Principal Uses : Door and window frames, flooring, ceilings, tiling, battens, planking, boxes, crates, coffins, plywood, furniture parts and general carpentry works.
Other Equivalents : West Africa (Aiele, Okoume, Ozigo, Gaboon), India (Dhup), Indochina (Ca-ca, Cham), Indonesia (Merdongdong), Philippines (Kamingi, Pagsahingin), Sabah (Kedondong, Maitus), Sarawak (Upi), Sri Lanka (Kekuna), Thailand (Mafan, Ma koem)
Kiln Drying Schedule : J
Principal Uses : Door and window frames, flooring, ceilings, tiling, battens, planking, boxes, crates, coffins, plywood, furniture parts and general carpentry works.
Other Equivalents : West Africa (Aiele, Okoume, Ozigo, Gaboon), India (Dhup), Indochina (Ca-ca, Cham), Indonesia (Merdongdong), Philippines (Kamingi, Pagsahingin), Sabah (Kedondong, Maitus), Sarawak (Upi), Sri Lanka (Kekuna), Thailand (Mafan, Ma koem)
Kiln Drying Schedule : J
Kembang Semangkok
(KSK) (Scaphium spp)
Weight : 515-775kgs/M3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is lighter in shade merging
gradually into the heartwood, which is yellow-brown, light buff or light brown.
Grain is straight or shallowly interlocked.Texture is slightly coarse and
uneven due to the broad rays and wide layers of parenchyma. Growth rings are
distinct, demarcated by layers of terminal parenchyma. Vessels are medium-sized
to moderately large, few to fairly few, solitary and in radial groups of 2 to
3, with a tendency to tangential arrangement. Vessels are open. Wood parenchyma
is abundant, visible to the naked eye, with paratracheal parenchyma appearing
as borders around the vessels, sometimes aliform and locally confluent;
apotracheal parenchyma as fairly broad bands which simulate growth rings. Rays
are of two distinct sizes; the larger rays being very broad and conspicuous,
the finer rays are storeyed. The ray pattern on the tangential longitudinal
surface is characteristic and reminiscent of mosquito-netting.
Principle Uses : Extensively used in the manufacture of decorative plywood and as interior finishing timber; also suitable for furniture, panelling, partitioning and has been successfully used in the manufacture of match splints.
Principle Uses : Extensively used in the manufacture of decorative plywood and as interior finishing timber; also suitable for furniture, panelling, partitioning and has been successfully used in the manufacture of match splints.
KUNGKUR
(Pithecellobium spp.)
Weight : 673 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 673 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is well defined. The heartwood is
red-brown in colour when fresh, weathering to a dark brown. The surface is
moderately lustrous and without figure. The grain is wavy or interlocked and
the texture coarse and even. Trees producing this wood are rather scarce and
sizeable volume of Kungkur is difficult to get.
Principal Uses : Decorative work, superior joinery, furniture, musical instruments, panelling, fancy boxes, carving, rotary-cut veneers.
Other Equivalents : Sabah (Petai)
Principal Uses : Decorative work, superior joinery, furniture, musical instruments, panelling, fancy boxes, carving, rotary-cut veneers.
Other Equivalents : Sabah (Petai)
MACHANG (Mangifera
spp.)
Weight : 561 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 561 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is not well defined. The heartwood
is light pink-brown or grey-brown. Occasionally, it has a small black or
chocolate-coloured corewood of very distinctive appearance. Surface is
lustrous, often with zig-zag markings on flat sawn surface. The grain is
interlocked and texture moderately coarse and even.
Principal Uses : Light construction, planking, ceiling, flooring, packing boxes, crates, coffins, plywood and general carpentry work. Occasionally, the wood is attractively streaked or figured and then makes attractive panelling and furniture.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Thayet, Sinnin-thayet), India (Mango wood), Indochina (Xoai-hoi), Indonesia (Mangga), Pakistan (Mango), Philippines (Malapaho, Pahutan), Sabah (Asam belune), Sarawak (Machang), Sri Lanka (Etamba), Thailand (Ma-muang-pa)
Principal Uses : Light construction, planking, ceiling, flooring, packing boxes, crates, coffins, plywood and general carpentry work. Occasionally, the wood is attractively streaked or figured and then makes attractive panelling and furniture.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Thayet, Sinnin-thayet), India (Mango wood), Indochina (Xoai-hoi), Indonesia (Mangga), Pakistan (Mango), Philippines (Malapaho, Pahutan), Sabah (Asam belune), Sarawak (Machang), Sri Lanka (Etamba), Thailand (Ma-muang-pa)
MEDANG (Koompassia
excelsa)
Weight : 609 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 609 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is not always well defined. The
heartwood of some species is yellow-brown or red-brown but most of the wood is
olive-brown or olive-green, darkening considerably on exposure. Surface is dull
and mostly without figure. The grain is interlocked and the texture moderately
fine and even. Wood of some species has an aromatic scent like that of
camphorwood.
Principal Uses : Decorative work, internal fittings, switchboards, panels, superior joinery, piano cases, furniture, bowls, platters, trays, T-squares, set squares, tripods, fancy boxes, fancy handles, police batons, pattern-making, veneers, plywood. It is an excellent carving timber and a favourite in the Philippines for sculptural work. The heavier forms of Medang (produced by Alseodaphne, Actinodaphne and Dehaasia species) are very popular with the local people for house construction (posts, beams, joists, panelling) and sea water piling.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Ondon), Indochina (Boi-loi), Indonesia (Medang), Philippines (Bati-kuling, Margapali), Sabah (Lisang, Lamaue-amau, Medang), Sarawak (Madang), Sri Lanka (Ranai), Thailand (Kra-thang, Thang, Sirai)
Principal Uses : Decorative work, internal fittings, switchboards, panels, superior joinery, piano cases, furniture, bowls, platters, trays, T-squares, set squares, tripods, fancy boxes, fancy handles, police batons, pattern-making, veneers, plywood. It is an excellent carving timber and a favourite in the Philippines for sculptural work. The heavier forms of Medang (produced by Alseodaphne, Actinodaphne and Dehaasia species) are very popular with the local people for house construction (posts, beams, joists, panelling) and sea water piling.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Ondon), Indochina (Boi-loi), Indonesia (Medang), Philippines (Bati-kuling, Margapali), Sabah (Lisang, Lamaue-amau, Medang), Sarawak (Madang), Sri Lanka (Ranai), Thailand (Kra-thang, Thang, Sirai)
MELANTAI (Shorea
macroptera)
Weight : 530 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is moderately distinct almost a
bright yellow in a fresh condition, darkening to a grey-pink brown. Heartwood
yellow-brown when freshly sawn resembling a yellow Meranti more than a
"red Meranti" but darkening in the course of seasoning to a fawn or
pinkish buff with a golden lustre. Planed surfaces very lustrous. Texture
moderately coarse but even. Grain interlocked giving rise to prominent stripes
figure. Vertical resin canals with whitish contents as in Light Red Meranti but
they are less conspicuous on all surfaces. The wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Cabinet and decorative work, superior joinery, furniture, show cases, panelling, fancy boxes, sliced veneers, rotary-cut veneer and plywood.
Veneering : An established species for plywood manufacture.
Kiln Drying Schedule : H
Principal Uses : Cabinet and decorative work, superior joinery, furniture, show cases, panelling, fancy boxes, sliced veneers, rotary-cut veneer and plywood.
Veneering : An established species for plywood manufacture.
Kiln Drying Schedule : H
MELUNAK
(Pentace spp.)
Weight : 657 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 657 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood moderately well defined. The
heartwood is pink-brown or red-brown, weathering to a dark red-brown. The
surface is without lustre and has distinct ripple marks. The grain is
interlocked giving rise to attractive stripe figure and the texture is
moderately fine and even.
Principal Uses : Decorative work, superior joinery, furniture, panelling, ceilings, flooring, police batons, etc. and diving boards. In Burma, similar timber is sold under the name of "Burma Mahogany" or "Thika" and is a very popular wood for high class furniture, mathematical instruments such as T-squares, set squares, straight edges, instruments boxes, walking sticks etc, and in shipbuilding for gunwales, inwales, stair stringers, etc.
Veneering : Easy to peel and handle. The veneer sheets are flowery and attractive and is considered a potentially acceptable species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Thika, Thitsho), Sabah (Takalis), Sarawak (Baru baran), Thailand (Sisiat)
Principal Uses : Decorative work, superior joinery, furniture, panelling, ceilings, flooring, police batons, etc. and diving boards. In Burma, similar timber is sold under the name of "Burma Mahogany" or "Thika" and is a very popular wood for high class furniture, mathematical instruments such as T-squares, set squares, straight edges, instruments boxes, walking sticks etc, and in shipbuilding for gunwales, inwales, stair stringers, etc.
Veneering : Easy to peel and handle. The veneer sheets are flowery and attractive and is considered a potentially acceptable species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Thika, Thitsho), Sabah (Takalis), Sarawak (Baru baran), Thailand (Sisiat)
MEMPISANG (Annonaceae
spp.)
Weight : 673 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 673 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is not well defined. The heartwood
is light yellow in colour, weathering to a straw-brown. Surface is not lustrous
but radial surface has attractive silver figure. The grain is almost straight
and texture is rather coarse and uneven. The rays are generally broad and
conspicuous.
Principal Uses : Sliced veneers, matchboxes and splints, bentwood work, fancy boxes, toys, ceiling, flooring, general light construction, packing cases, crates and police batons. Selected wood probably suitable for parquet flooring, tool handles, walking sticks, police batons, tripods, T-squares, set squares, rulers, sports goods, spools, bobbins, spars, oars, helms etc - a good substitute for Maple wood. (Acer sp)
Other Equivalents : Burma (Taw, Tawasgasein), India (Chooi, Andaman, Bow wood), Indochina (Don, Ngan chay), Philippines (Bolon, Dalinas, Yellow lanutan), Sabah (Jankang, Karai, Pisang-pisang), Sarawak (Ako, Karai, Kananga, Kepayang baji, Kelili-jongkong), Sri Lanka (Netawa, Wanasapu)
Principal Uses : Sliced veneers, matchboxes and splints, bentwood work, fancy boxes, toys, ceiling, flooring, general light construction, packing cases, crates and police batons. Selected wood probably suitable for parquet flooring, tool handles, walking sticks, police batons, tripods, T-squares, set squares, rulers, sports goods, spools, bobbins, spars, oars, helms etc - a good substitute for Maple wood. (Acer sp)
Other Equivalents : Burma (Taw, Tawasgasein), India (Chooi, Andaman, Bow wood), Indochina (Don, Ngan chay), Philippines (Bolon, Dalinas, Yellow lanutan), Sabah (Jankang, Karai, Pisang-pisang), Sarawak (Ako, Karai, Kananga, Kepayang baji, Kelili-jongkong), Sri Lanka (Netawa, Wanasapu)
MERANTI, DARK RED
(Shorea spp.)
Weight : 705 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 705 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is well defined. The heartwood is
dark red-brown in colour, weathering to a darker shade. Surface is not
lustrous. The grain is interlocked giving rise to stripe figure. The texture is
coarse and even. Longitudinal surfaces of Dark Red Meranti, particularly S.
pauciflora, often distinctively marked with narrow, white coloured streaks.
These streaks are in fact the exposed longitudinal sections of the resin canals
- a normal feature of the wood - and are not considered a defect because they
do not affect the strength or utility of the wood. The wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Joinery, furniture, shop and office fittings, counter tops, panelling, flooring, posts, beams, joists, rafters, door and window frames, stair treads, boat framing, planking, decking, railing, coach work, motor lorry and truck body work, plywood etc.
Veneering : The timber is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Meranti merah tua), Philippines (Almon, Dark-red lauan, Mayapis, Tangile), Sabah (Dard red seraya), Sarawak (Dark red seraya), Thailand (Saya)
Kiln Drying Schedule : F
Principal Uses : Joinery, furniture, shop and office fittings, counter tops, panelling, flooring, posts, beams, joists, rafters, door and window frames, stair treads, boat framing, planking, decking, railing, coach work, motor lorry and truck body work, plywood etc.
Veneering : The timber is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Meranti merah tua), Philippines (Almon, Dark-red lauan, Mayapis, Tangile), Sabah (Dard red seraya), Sarawak (Dark red seraya), Thailand (Saya)
Kiln Drying Schedule : F
MERANTI, LIGHT RED
(Shorea spp.)
Weight : 545 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 545 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is well defined. The heartwood is
pale pink, light red-brown or red-brown. The surface is fairly lustrous. The
grain is interlocked and gives rise to stripe figure and texture is coarse and
even. Resin canals with white contents occur characteristically in concentric
lines on end surface but the wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Decorative work, superior joinery, shop and office fittings, show cases, counter tops, furniture, panelling, ceiling, flooring, shelving, door and window frames, boat planking, decking, railing and cabin fittings, coach work, wooden tubs, fancy boxes, coffins, sliced veneers, rotary-cut veneer and plywood. In Singapore, it is very popular for the manufacture of flush doors.
Veneering : Peels easily. It is an established species for plywood.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Meranti merah), Sabah (Light red seraya), Sarawak (Light red seraya)
Kiln Drying Schedule : F
Principal Uses : Decorative work, superior joinery, shop and office fittings, show cases, counter tops, furniture, panelling, ceiling, flooring, shelving, door and window frames, boat planking, decking, railing and cabin fittings, coach work, wooden tubs, fancy boxes, coffins, sliced veneers, rotary-cut veneer and plywood. In Singapore, it is very popular for the manufacture of flush doors.
Veneering : Peels easily. It is an established species for plywood.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Meranti merah), Sabah (Light red seraya), Sarawak (Light red seraya)
Kiln Drying Schedule : F
MERANTI, WHITE (Shorea
spp.)
Weight : 673 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 673 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is moderately well defined. The
heartwood is almost white when freshly cut, weathering to a yellow-brown.
Surface is lustrous. The grain is wavy or interlocked producing faint stripe
figure and texture is moderately coarse and even. Resin canals with white
contents occur characteristically in concentric lines on end surface but the
wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Posts, beams, joists, rafters, door and window frames, stair stringers, treads and railing, planking, flooring, ceiling, boat framing, decking, hewn coffins, tubs, vats, wine casks, butter churns, motor lorry body work, police batons, plywood etc.
Veneering : It is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Kyilan), Cambodia (Lumbor), India (Talurai, Makai), Indochina (Sen mu, Lumbor), Indonesia (Meranti putih), Sabah (Melapi), Sarawak (Melapi, White meranti), Sri Lanka (Kumala dun), Thailand (Pa-nong, Sukrom, Kiam, Ka-nom, Chan, Kiam ka nong), Vietnam (Bo-bo)
Kiln Drying Schedule : J
Principal Uses : Posts, beams, joists, rafters, door and window frames, stair stringers, treads and railing, planking, flooring, ceiling, boat framing, decking, hewn coffins, tubs, vats, wine casks, butter churns, motor lorry body work, police batons, plywood etc.
Veneering : It is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Kyilan), Cambodia (Lumbor), India (Talurai, Makai), Indochina (Sen mu, Lumbor), Indonesia (Meranti putih), Sabah (Melapi), Sarawak (Melapi, White meranti), Sri Lanka (Kumala dun), Thailand (Pa-nong, Sukrom, Kiam, Ka-nom, Chan, Kiam ka nong), Vietnam (Bo-bo)
Kiln Drying Schedule : J
MERANTI, YELLOW
(Shorea spp.)
Weight : 657kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 657kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is well defined. The heartwood is
light yellow-brown when fresh, weathering to a slightly darker shade of
yellow-brown. Surface is not lustrous. The grain is interlocked giving rise to
faint stripe figure. The texture is moderately coarse and even. Resin canals
with white contents occur characteristically in concentric lines on end
surface, but the wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Ship decking, planking, deck railing, ceiling, flooring, internal fittings, shop and office fittings, panelling, joinery, furniture, tubs, plywood etc.
Veneering : Veneers can be peeled successfully. It is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents: Indonesia (Meranti kuning), Philippines (Yellow lauan), Sabah (Seraya kuning), Sarawak (Yellow meranti)
Kiln Drying Schedule : J
Principal Uses : Ship decking, planking, deck railing, ceiling, flooring, internal fittings, shop and office fittings, panelling, joinery, furniture, tubs, plywood etc.
Veneering : Veneers can be peeled successfully. It is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents: Indonesia (Meranti kuning), Philippines (Yellow lauan), Sabah (Seraya kuning), Sarawak (Yellow meranti)
Kiln Drying Schedule : J
MERAWAN (Hopea spp.)
General Description : Sapwood is moderately well defined. The
heartwood is light yellow-brown in colour when fresh, darkening to a deeper
brown with exposure. Surface is moderately lustrous. The grain is interlocked
often giving rise to stripe figure and the texture is moderately fine and even.
Resin canals with white contents occur characteristically in concentric lines
on end surface, but the wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Rafters, joists, door and window frames, stair treads, panelling, flooring, ceiling, joinery, furniture, framing, planking, decking and railing of boats, lorry body work, beer vats, wine casks, barrels, tubs, butter churns, police batons, rotary veneer, plywood, etc. Some of the heavier timbers of this group are suitable for house posts, beams and other heavy constructional uses.
Veneering : The use of this timber for plywood manufacture is limited.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Thingan), India (Thingan), Indochina (Sao), Indonesia (Merawan), Philippines (Manggachapui), Sabah (Gagil, Selangan), Sarawak (Gagil, Luis, Selangan), Thailand (Takian, Takian-thong)
Kiln Drying Schedule : H
Principal Uses : Rafters, joists, door and window frames, stair treads, panelling, flooring, ceiling, joinery, furniture, framing, planking, decking and railing of boats, lorry body work, beer vats, wine casks, barrels, tubs, butter churns, police batons, rotary veneer, plywood, etc. Some of the heavier timbers of this group are suitable for house posts, beams and other heavy constructional uses.
Veneering : The use of this timber for plywood manufacture is limited.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Thingan), India (Thingan), Indochina (Sao), Indonesia (Merawan), Philippines (Manggachapui), Sabah (Gagil, Selangan), Sarawak (Gagil, Luis, Selangan), Thailand (Takian, Takian-thong)
Kiln Drying Schedule : H
Weight : 689 kg/m3 Strength Group : B
MERSAWA (Anisoptera
spp.)
Weight : 641 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 641 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is not well defined. The heartwood
is light yellow-brown sometimes with a rose coloured tinge darkening slightly
on exposure to a straw-brown. The surface is without lustre or figure. The
grain is interlocked and texture moderately coarse and even. Occasionally, end
surfaces show resin canals with white contents in concentric lines, but the
wood is not resinous.
Principal Uses : Light construction, door and window frames, partition boards, weather boards, flooring, ceiling, scantlings, coffins, sliced veneers, plywood.
Veneering : It is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents: Burma (Kaban), India (Kaunghmu), Indochina (Ven-ven), Indonesia (Mersawa), Philippines (Afu, Palosapsis, Dagang), Sabah (Pengiran), Sarawak (Mersawa), Thailand (Kabak, Krabak, Pik)
Kiln Drying Schedule : E
Principal Uses : Light construction, door and window frames, partition boards, weather boards, flooring, ceiling, scantlings, coffins, sliced veneers, plywood.
Veneering : It is an established species for plywood manufacture.
Other Equivalents: Burma (Kaban), India (Kaunghmu), Indochina (Ven-ven), Indonesia (Mersawa), Philippines (Afu, Palosapsis, Dagang), Sabah (Pengiran), Sarawak (Mersawa), Thailand (Kabak, Krabak, Pik)
Kiln Drying Schedule : E
NYATOH (Sapotaceae
spp.)
Weight : 721 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 721 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : The sapwood is moderately sharply defined.
The heartwood is light pink-brown or reddish-brown in colour losing much of the
reddish tinge with exposure. Surface is not lustrous but is often attractively
streaked. The grain is interlocked and wavy and texture moderately find and
even.
Principal Uses : Beams, rafters, joists, door and window frames, scantlings, flooring, ceiling, boat framing and planking, joinery, furniture, rotary veneer and plywood.
Veneering: Peels moderately easy.
Other Equivalents : West Africa (Douka), India (Pali, Pala, Kaipala), Indonesia (Njatuh), Philippines (Malak malak, Nato), Sabah (Nyatoh), Sarawak (Jankar, Nyatoh), Sri Lanka (Kirihembiliya, Tawenna), Thailand (Chik nom, Chit nom, Tabun dam)
Kiln Drying Schedule : E
Principal Uses : Beams, rafters, joists, door and window frames, scantlings, flooring, ceiling, boat framing and planking, joinery, furniture, rotary veneer and plywood.
Veneering: Peels moderately easy.
Other Equivalents : West Africa (Douka), India (Pali, Pala, Kaipala), Indonesia (Njatuh), Philippines (Malak malak, Nato), Sabah (Nyatoh), Sarawak (Jankar, Nyatoh), Sri Lanka (Kirihembiliya, Tawenna), Thailand (Chik nom, Chit nom, Tabun dam)
Kiln Drying Schedule : E
PENARAHAN (Myristicaceae
spp.)
Weight : 593 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 593 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is not well defined. The heartwood
is light brown with a pink coloured tinge but occasionally, there is a
distinctively coloured corewood of chocolate-red colour. Surface has slight
lustre and is faintly streaked. The grain is fairly straight and texture
moderately fine and even.
Principal Uses : Match boxes and splints, pattern making, manual training, temporary light construction, packing cases, crates, plywood.
Veneering : Peels easily and gluability is good. Used widely in the manufacture of low quality plywood.
Other Equivalents : India (Chuglam), Indochina (Mau-cho, Sang mau), Philippines (Ananiog, Duguan, Tambalau), Sabah (Darah-darah), Sarawak (Kumbang), Sri Lanka (Iriya, Ruk, Malaboda), Thailand (Laud kwai)
Principal Uses : Match boxes and splints, pattern making, manual training, temporary light construction, packing cases, crates, plywood.
Veneering : Peels easily and gluability is good. Used widely in the manufacture of low quality plywood.
Other Equivalents : India (Chuglam), Indochina (Mau-cho, Sang mau), Philippines (Ananiog, Duguan, Tambalau), Sabah (Darah-darah), Sarawak (Kumbang), Sri Lanka (Iriya, Ruk, Malaboda), Thailand (Laud kwai)
PERUPOK (Lophopetalum
spp)
General Description : Sapwood not differentiated from heartwood
by colour, wood straw-coloured when freshly cut, weathering to a light brown.
Planed surface with medium lustre, texture moderately fine and even. Grain
interlocked.
Principal Uses : Beams, joists, rafters, door and window frames, rotary veneer, panelling, furniture, flooring, fancy boxes, instrument boxes, T-squares, set-squares, straight edges, rulers, trays and plywood.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Tuang-yemane, Yemane apyu, Mondaing), India (Banati, Balpale), Indochina (Sang-trang), Indonesia (Perupok), Sabah (Perupok), Sarawak (Perupok), Thailand (Seng sa, Song sa)
PULAI (Alstonia spp.)
Weight : 465 kgs. per cu. metre
Strength Group : D
General Description: Sapwood is not differentiated from heartwood which is almost white in colour when fresh, weathering to a cream white shade. The surface is lustrous and without any figure. The grain is interlocked and texture moderately coarse and even.
Principal Uses : Pattern making, fret work, carving, picture frames, drawing boards, blackboards, toys, match boxes and splints, packing cases, crates, coffins, manual training, etc. A good substitute for Jelutong. Veneering: Peeled veneers produce unsatisfactory appearance.
Other Equivalents: West Africa (Emien, Alstona), Burma (Lettok), India (Shaiten wood), Indonesia (Pulai), Indochina (Mop, Mocua), Phlippines (Dita), Sabah (Pulai), Sarawak (Pulai), Sri Lanka (Ruk katana), Thailand (Thia, Tin pet)
Principal Uses : Beams, joists, rafters, door and window frames, rotary veneer, panelling, furniture, flooring, fancy boxes, instrument boxes, T-squares, set-squares, straight edges, rulers, trays and plywood.
Other Equivalents : Burma (Tuang-yemane, Yemane apyu, Mondaing), India (Banati, Balpale), Indochina (Sang-trang), Indonesia (Perupok), Sabah (Perupok), Sarawak (Perupok), Thailand (Seng sa, Song sa)
PULAI (Alstonia spp.)
Weight : 465 kgs. per cu. metre
Strength Group : D
General Description: Sapwood is not differentiated from heartwood which is almost white in colour when fresh, weathering to a cream white shade. The surface is lustrous and without any figure. The grain is interlocked and texture moderately coarse and even.
Principal Uses : Pattern making, fret work, carving, picture frames, drawing boards, blackboards, toys, match boxes and splints, packing cases, crates, coffins, manual training, etc. A good substitute for Jelutong. Veneering: Peeled veneers produce unsatisfactory appearance.
Other Equivalents: West Africa (Emien, Alstona), Burma (Lettok), India (Shaiten wood), Indonesia (Pulai), Indochina (Mop, Mocua), Phlippines (Dita), Sabah (Pulai), Sarawak (Pulai), Sri Lanka (Ruk katana), Thailand (Thia, Tin pet)
Weight : 561 kg/m3 Strength Group : B
RAMIN (Gonystylus
bancanus)
Weight : 625kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood not differentiated from heartwood which is almost
white when freshly cut, weathering to a pale straw. The surface is lustrous but
there is no figure. The grain is slightly interlocked and texture moderately
fine and even.
Principal Uses : Pale furniture, interior joinery, flooring, ceiling, panelling, door and window frames, stringers and stair treads, T-squares, set squares, rulers, tripods, straight edges, trays, handles of non-striking tools, brushbacks, toys, turnery, plywood. Veneering: The timber is widely used for the manufacture of plywood.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Garu buaja), Philippines (Lanuatan bagio), Sabah (Ramin, Bidaru), Sarawak (Ramin)
Kiln Drying Schedule : C (If thickness exceeds 1.5 inches use Schedule B)
Principal Uses : Pale furniture, interior joinery, flooring, ceiling, panelling, door and window frames, stringers and stair treads, T-squares, set squares, rulers, tripods, straight edges, trays, handles of non-striking tools, brushbacks, toys, turnery, plywood. Veneering: The timber is widely used for the manufacture of plywood.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Garu buaja), Philippines (Lanuatan bagio), Sabah (Ramin, Bidaru), Sarawak (Ramin)
Kiln Drying Schedule : C (If thickness exceeds 1.5 inches use Schedule B)
SESENDOK (Endospermum
malaccense)
Weight : 529 kg/m3 Strength Group : D
General Description : Sapwood not differentiated by colour from
heartwood which is bright yellow with a greenish tinge when fresh, weathering
to a light straw colour. the surface is lustrous but without figure. The grain
is straight or only shallowly interlocked and the texture is coarse and even.
Principal Uses : Match boxes and splints, pattern making, drawing boards, blackboards, trays, furniture, parts, plywood chests, packing cases, crates, coffins, toys, manual training etc. It is one of the favourite timbers for clog manufacturers.
Veneering : It is suitable for manufacture of low quality plywood.
Other Equivalents : Philippines (Gubas), Sabah (Sesendok), Sarawak (Terbulan)
Principal Uses : Match boxes and splints, pattern making, drawing boards, blackboards, trays, furniture, parts, plywood chests, packing cases, crates, coffins, toys, manual training etc. It is one of the favourite timbers for clog manufacturers.
Veneering : It is suitable for manufacture of low quality plywood.
Other Equivalents : Philippines (Gubas), Sabah (Sesendok), Sarawak (Terbulan)
TERAP (Artocarpus
elasticus)
Weight : 577 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
Weight : 577 kg/m3 Strength Group : C
General Description : Sapwood is well defined in A. elasticus and
A. scortichinii but not in Parartocarpus triandra. The heartwood of Artocarpus
spp. is orange-brown, weathering to a darker shade. That of Parartocarpus
triandra is light yellow, weathering to a light yellow-brown. Surface
moderately lustrous but without figure. The grain is very interlocked and
texture moderately coarse and even.
Principal Uses : General light construction, planking, pattern making, handles of non-striking tools, boxes, coffins, crates, manual training, plywood, etc. Occasionally, the timber is very attractively figured and very suitable for superior joinery, furniture, panelling, trays and other decorative work.
Other Equivalents : India (Aini), Indochina (Sui), Indonesia (Terap), Philippines (Antipolo), Sabah (Terap), Sarawak (Pudau), Sri Lanka (Riti)
Principal Uses : General light construction, planking, pattern making, handles of non-striking tools, boxes, coffins, crates, manual training, plywood, etc. Occasionally, the timber is very attractively figured and very suitable for superior joinery, furniture, panelling, trays and other decorative work.
Other Equivalents : India (Aini), Indochina (Sui), Indonesia (Terap), Philippines (Antipolo), Sabah (Terap), Sarawak (Pudau), Sri Lanka (Riti)
TERENTANG
(Campnosperma spp.)
Weight : 432 kg/m3 Strength Group : D
Weight : 432 kg/m3 Strength Group : D
General Description : Sapwood is not differentiated by colour
from heartwood which is grey salmon-pink, not very different after weathering.
Surface not lustrous but has an attractive speckled appearance. The grain is
interlocked and texture fine and even.
Principal Uses : Match boxes and splints, blackboards, drawing boards, packing cases, crates, plywood and planking. It will probably make good coffins, cigar boxes, instrument boxes and plywood chests for packing tea and rubber.
Veneering : Peels satisfactorily but the veneer faces are hairy and fuzzy.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Terentang), Sabah (Terentang), Sarawak (Terentang), Sri Lanka (Aridda)
Principal Uses : Match boxes and splints, blackboards, drawing boards, packing cases, crates, plywood and planking. It will probably make good coffins, cigar boxes, instrument boxes and plywood chests for packing tea and rubber.
Veneering : Peels satisfactorily but the veneer faces are hairy and fuzzy.
Other Equivalents : Indonesia (Terentang), Sabah (Terentang), Sarawak (Terentang), Sri Lanka (Aridda)
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